- Partially yes, if renewable energy source like solar, wind, geothermal, and hydro power are used to generate electricity to charge the batteries. Battery itself will become environmental pollutants after its useful life.
- No, if fossil fuels are used to generate electricity to charge the batteries. The battery powered vehicles itself will not emit pollutants but the power generating plant will. The national fuel consumption will even increase considering losses in energy conversion and losses in transmitting energy from electric power plant to end user (battery operated vehicle).
- No, if fossil fuels are used to generate electricity to charge the batteries. The battery powered vehicles itself will not emit pollutants but the power generating plant will. The national fuel consumption will even increase considering losses in energy conversion and losses in transmitting energy from electric power plant to end user (battery operated vehicle).